forked from Ponysearch/Ponysearch
Merge pull request #2024 from return42/blog-dev-in-lxc
[blog post] Developing in Linux containers
This commit is contained in:
Markus Heiser
GitHub
commit
0fdd9339d0
5 changed files with 464 additions and 34 deletions
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@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ restart the uwsgi application.
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:start-after: START searx uwsgi-description ubuntu-20.04
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:start-after: START searx uwsgi-description ubuntu-20.04
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:end-before: END searx uwsgi-description ubuntu-20.04
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:end-before: END searx uwsgi-description ubuntu-20.04
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.. hotfix: a bug group-tab need this comment
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.. group-tab:: Arch Linux
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.. group-tab:: Arch Linux
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@ -115,6 +116,7 @@ restart the uwsgi application.
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:start-after: START searx uwsgi-description arch
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:start-after: START searx uwsgi-description arch
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:end-before: END searx uwsgi-description arch
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:end-before: END searx uwsgi-description arch
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.. hotfix: a bug group-tab need this comment
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.. group-tab:: Fedora / RHEL
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.. group-tab:: Fedora / RHEL
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@ -128,22 +130,21 @@ restart the uwsgi application.
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.. group-tab:: Ubuntu / debian
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.. group-tab:: Ubuntu / debian
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.. kernel-include:: $DOCS_BUILD/includes/searx.rst
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.. kernel-include:: $DOCS_BUILD/includes/searx.rst
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:code: ini
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:start-after: START searx uwsgi-appini ubuntu-20.04
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:start-after: START searx uwsgi-appini ubuntu-20.04
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:end-before: END searx uwsgi-appini ubuntu-20.04
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:end-before: END searx uwsgi-appini ubuntu-20.04
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.. hotfix: a bug group-tab need this comment
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.. group-tab:: Arch Linux
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.. group-tab:: Arch Linux
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.. kernel-include:: $DOCS_BUILD/includes/searx.rst
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.. kernel-include:: $DOCS_BUILD/includes/searx.rst
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:code: ini
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:start-after: START searx uwsgi-appini arch
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:start-after: START searx uwsgi-appini arch
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:end-before: END searx uwsgi-appini arch
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:end-before: END searx uwsgi-appini arch
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.. hotfix: a bug group-tab need this comment
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.. group-tab:: Fedora / RHEL
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.. group-tab:: Fedora / RHEL
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.. kernel-include:: $DOCS_BUILD/includes/searx.rst
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.. kernel-include:: $DOCS_BUILD/includes/searx.rst
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:code: ini
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:start-after: START searx uwsgi-appini fedora
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:start-after: START searx uwsgi-appini fedora
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:end-before: END searx uwsgi-appini fedora
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:end-before: END searx uwsgi-appini fedora
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@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ Blog
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:maxdepth: 2
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:maxdepth: 2
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:caption: Contents
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:caption: Contents
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lxcdev-202006
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python3
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python3
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admin
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admin
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intro-offline
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intro-offline
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413
docs/blog/lxcdev-202006.rst
Normal file
413
docs/blog/lxcdev-202006.rst
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@ -0,0 +1,413 @@
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.. _blog-lxcdev-202006:
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=======================================
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Developing in Linux containers [202006]
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=======================================
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.. _LXC: https://linuxcontainers.org/lxc/introduction/
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.. sidebar:: Audience
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This blog post is written for experienced admins and developers / readers
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should have a serious meaning about: *distributed*, *merge* and *linux
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container*.
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.. contents:: Contents
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:depth: 2
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:local:
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:backlinks: entry
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In PR :PR:`1803` we added a lot of scripts to Searx's boilerplate. In this blog
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post I will show you, how you can make use of them in *distributed and
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heterogeneous development cycles* (TL;DR; jump to the :ref:`blog-lxcdev-202006
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abstract`).
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Motivation
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==========
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Normally in our development cycle, we edit the sources and run some test and/or
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builds by using ``make`` before we commit. This cycle is simple and perfect but
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might fail in some aspects we should not overlook.
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The environment in which we run all our development processes matters!
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The :ref:`makefile` and the :ref:`make pyenv` encapsulate a lot for us, but they
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do not have access to all prerequisites. For example, there may have
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dependencies on packages that are installed on the developer's desktop, but
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usually are not preinstalled on a server or client system. Another examples
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are; settings have been made to the software on the developer's host that would
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never be set on a *production* system.
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*Linux Containers* (LXC_) are isolate environments and not to mix up on
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developer's all the prerequisites of all the projects he contribute to, is
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always a good choice.
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The scripts from PR :PR:`1803` can divide in those to install and maintain
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software:
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- :ref:`searx.sh`
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- :ref:`filtron.sh`
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- :ref:`morty.sh`
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and the script :ref:`lxc.sh`, with we can scale our installation, maintenance or
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even development tasks over a stack of containers, what we call: *Searx's lxc
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suite*.
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Gentlemen, start your engines!
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==============================
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.. _LXD: https://linuxcontainers.org/lxd/introduction/
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.. _archlinux: https://www.archlinux.org/
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Before you can start with containers, you need to install and initiate LXD_
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once:
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.. tabs::
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.. group-tab:: desktop
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.. code:: sh
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$ snap install lxd
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$ lxd init --auto
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And you need to clone from origin or if you have your own fork, clone from your
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fork:
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.. tabs::
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.. group-tab:: desktop
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.. code:: sh
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$ cd ~/Downloads
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$ git clone https://github.com/asciimoo/searx.git
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$ cd searx
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The :ref:`lxc-searx.env` consists of several images, see ``export
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LXC_SUITE=(...`` near by :origin:`utils/lxc-searx.env#L19`. For this blog post
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we exercise on a archlinux_ image. The container of this image is named
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``searx-archlinux``. Lets build the container, but be sure that this container
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does not already exists, so first lets remove possible old one:
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.. tabs::
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.. group-tab:: desktop
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.. code:: sh
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$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh remove searx-archlinux
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$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh build searx-archlinux
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.. sidebar:: The ``searx-archlinux`` container
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is the base of all our exercises here.
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In this container we install all services :ref:`including searx, morty & filtron
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<lxc.sh install suite>` in once:
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.. tabs::
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.. group-tab:: desktop
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.. code:: sh
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$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh install suite searx-archlinux
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To proxy HTTP from filtron and morty in the container to the outside of the
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container, install nginx into the container. Once for the bot blocker filtron:
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.. tabs::
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.. group-tab:: desktop
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.. code:: sh
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$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh cmd searx-archlinux \
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./utils/filtron.sh nginx install
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...
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INFO: got 429 from http://10.174.184.156/searx
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and once for the content sanitizer (content proxy morty):
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.. tabs::
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.. group-tab:: desktop
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.. code:: sh
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$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh cmd searx-archlinux \
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./utils/morty.sh nginx install
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...
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INFO: got 200 from http://10.174.184.156/morty/
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.. sidebar:: Fully functional searx suite
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From here on you have a fully functional searx suite running with bot blocker
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(filtron) and Web content sanitizer (content proxy morty) needed for a
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*privacy protecting* search engine.
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On your system, the IP of your ``searx-archlinux`` container differs from
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http://10.174.184.156/searx, just open the URL reported in your installation
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protocol in your WEB browser from the desktop to test the instance from outside
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of the container.
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In such a searx suite admins can maintain and access the debug log of the
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different services quite easy.
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.. _working in containers:
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In containers, work as usual
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============================
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Usually you open a root-bash using ``sudo -H bash``. In case of LXC containers
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open the root-bash in the container using ``./utils/lxc.sh cmd
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searx-archlinux``:
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.. tabs::
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.. group-tab:: desktop
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.. code:: sh
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$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh cmd searx-archlinux bash
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INFO: [searx-archlinux] bash
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[root@searx-archlinux searx]# pwd
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/share/searx
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The prompt ``[root@searx-archlinux ...]`` signals, that you are the root user in
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the searx-container. To debug the running searx instance use:
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.. tabs::
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.. group-tab:: root@searx-archlinux
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.. code:: sh
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$ ./utils/searx.sh inspect service
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...
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use [CTRL-C] to stop monitoring the log
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...
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Back in the browser on your desktop open the service http://10.174.184.156/searx
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and run your application tests while the debug log is shown in the terminal from
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above. You can stop monitoring using ``CTRL-C``, this also disables the *"debug
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option"* in searx's settings file and restarts the searx uwsgi application. To
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debug services from filtron and morty analogous use:
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.. tabs::
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.. group-tab:: root@searx-archlinux
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.. code:: sh
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$ ./utils/filtron.sh inspect service
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$ ./utils/morty.sh inspect service
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Another point we have to notice is that each service (:ref:`searx <searx.sh>`,
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:ref:`filtron <filtron.sh>` and :ref:`morty <morty.sh>`) runs under dedicated
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system user account with the same name (compare :ref:`create searx user`). To
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get a shell from theses accounts, simply call one of the scripts:
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.. tabs::
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.. group-tab:: root@searx-archlinux
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.. code:: sh
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$ ./utils/searx.sh shell
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$ ./utils/filtron.sh shell
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$ ./utils/morty.sh shell
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To get in touch, open a shell from the service user (searx@searx-archlinux):
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.. tabs::
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.. group-tab:: desktop
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.. code:: sh
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$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh cmd searx-archlinux \
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./utils/searx.sh shell
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// exit with [CTRL-D]
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(searx-pyenv) [searx@searx-archlinux ~]$ ...
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The prompt ``[searx@searx-archlinux]`` signals that you are logged in as system
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user ``searx`` in the ``searx-archlinux`` container and the python *virtualenv*
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``(searx-pyenv)`` environment is activated.
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.. tabs::
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.. group-tab:: searx@searx-archlinux
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.. code:: sh
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(searx-pyenv) [searx@searx-archlinux ~]$ pwd
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/usr/local/searx
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Wrap production into developer suite
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====================================
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In this section we will see how to change the *"Fully functional searx suite"*
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from a LXC container (which is quite ready for production) into a developer
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suite. For this, we have to keep an eye on the :ref:`installation basic`:
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- searx setup in: ``/etc/searx/settings.yml``
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- searx user's home: ``/usr/local/searx``
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- virtualenv in: ``/usr/local/searx/searx-pyenv``
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- searx software in: ``/usr/local/searx/searx-src``
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The searx software is a clone of the ``GIT_URL`` (see :ref:`makefile setup`) and
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the working tree is checked out from the ``GIT_BRANCH``. With the use of the
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:ref:`searx.sh` the searx service was installed as :ref:`uWSGI application
|
||||||
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<searx uwsgi>`. To maintain this service, we can use ``systemctl`` (compare
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||||||
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:ref:`service architectures on distributions <uwsgi configuration>`).
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.. tabs::
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||||||
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||||||
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.. group-tab:: desktop
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.. code:: sh
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||||||
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$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh cmd searx-archlinux \
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systemctl stop uwsgi@searx
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||||||
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With the command above, we stopped the searx uWSGI-App in the archlinux
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container.
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The uWSGI-App for the archlinux dsitros is configured in
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:origin:`utils/templates/etc/uwsgi/apps-archlinux/searx.ini`, from where at
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least you should attend the settings of ``uid``, ``chdir``, ``env`` and
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``http``::
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env = SEARX_SETTINGS_PATH=/etc/searx/settings.yml
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http = 127.0.0.1:8888
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chdir = /usr/local/searx/searx-src/searx
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virtualenv = /usr/local/searx/searx-pyenv
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pythonpath = /usr/local/searx/searx-src
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||||||
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If you have read the :ref:`"Good to know section" <lxc.sh>` you remember, that
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each container shares the root folder of the repository and the command
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``utils/lxc.sh cmd`` handles relative path names **transparent**. To wrap the
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searx installation into a developer one, we simple have to create a smylink to
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the **transparent** reposetory from the desktop. Now lets replace the
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repository at ``searx-src`` in the container with the working tree from outside
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of the container:
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.. tabs::
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||||||
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|
||||||
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.. group-tab:: container becomes a developer suite
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||||||
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||||||
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.. code:: sh
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||||||
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||||||
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$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh cmd searx-archlinux \
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mv /usr/local/searx/searx-src /usr/local/searx/searx-src.old
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||||||
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||||||
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$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh cmd searx-archlinux \
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ln -s /share/searx/ /usr/local/searx/searx-src
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||||||
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Now we can develop as usual in the working tree of our desktop system. Every
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||||||
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time the software was changed, you have to restart the searx service (in the
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||||||
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conatiner):
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||||||
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||||||
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.. tabs::
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||||||
|
|
||||||
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.. group-tab:: desktop
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
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.. code:: sh
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||||||
|
|
||||||
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$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh cmd searx-archlinux \
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||||||
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systemctl restart uwsgi@searx
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||||||
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|
||||||
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|
||||||
|
Remember: :ref:`working in containers` .. here are just some examples from my
|
||||||
|
daily usage:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. tabs::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. group-tab:: desktop
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To *inspect* the searx instance (already described above):
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. code:: sh
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh cmd searx-archlinux \
|
||||||
|
./utils/searx.sh inspect service
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Run :ref:`makefile`, e.g. to test inside the container:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. code:: sh
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh cmd searx-archlinux \
|
||||||
|
make test
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To install all prerequisites needed for a :ref:`buildhosts`:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. code:: sh
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh cmd searx-archlinux \
|
||||||
|
./utils/searx.sh install buildhost
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To build the docs on a buildhost :ref:`buildhosts`:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. code:: sh
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh cmd searx-archlinux \
|
||||||
|
make docs
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. _blog-lxcdev-202006 abstract:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Abstract
|
||||||
|
========
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
We build up a fully functional searx suite in a archlinux container:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. code:: sh
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh install suite searx-archlinux
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To access HTTP from the desktop we installed nginx for the services inside the
|
||||||
|
conatiner:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. tabs::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. group-tab:: [root@searx-archlinux]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. code:: sh
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
$ ./utils/filtron.sh nginx install
|
||||||
|
$ ./utils/morty.sh nginx install
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To wrap the suite into a developer one, we created a symbolic link to the
|
||||||
|
repository which is shared **transparent** from the desktop's file system into
|
||||||
|
the container :
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. tabs::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. group-tab:: [root@searx-archlinux]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. code:: sh
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
$ mv /usr/local/searx/searx-src /usr/local/searx/searx-src.old
|
||||||
|
$ ln -s /share/searx/ /usr/local/searx/searx-src
|
||||||
|
$ systemctl restart uwsgi@searx
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
To get remarks from the suite of the archlinux container we can use:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. tabs::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. group-tab:: desktop
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. code:: sh
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh show suite searx-archlinux
|
||||||
|
...
|
||||||
|
[searx-archlinux] INFO: (eth0) filtron: http://10.174.184.156:4004/ http://10.174.184.156/searx
|
||||||
|
[searx-archlinux] INFO: (eth0) morty: http://10.174.184.156:3000/
|
||||||
|
[searx-archlinux] INFO: (eth0) docs-live: http://10.174.184.156:8080/
|
||||||
|
[searx-archlinux] INFO: (eth0) IPv6: http://[fd42:573b:e0b3:e97e:216:3eff:fea5:9b65]
|
||||||
|
...
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
@ -47,9 +47,9 @@ one**::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
*Good to know ...*
|
*Good to know ...*
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Eeach container shares the root folder of the repository and the
|
Each container shares the root folder of the repository and the command
|
||||||
command ``utils/lxc.sh cmd`` **handles relative path names transparent**,
|
``utils/lxc.sh cmd`` **handles relative path names transparent**, compare output
|
||||||
compare output of::
|
of::
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh cmd -- ls -la Makefile
|
$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh cmd -- ls -la Makefile
|
||||||
...
|
...
|
||||||
|
|
@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ If there comes the time you want to **get rid off all** the containers and
|
||||||
$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh remove
|
$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh remove
|
||||||
$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh remove images
|
$ sudo -H ./utils/lxc.sh remove images
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
.. _lxc.sh install suite:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Install suite
|
Install suite
|
||||||
=============
|
=============
|
||||||
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
@ -816,47 +816,61 @@ rst-doc() {
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
case $DIST_ID-$DIST_VERS in
|
case $DIST_ID-$DIST_VERS in
|
||||||
ubuntu-*|debian-*) cat <<EOF
|
ubuntu-*|debian-*) cat <<EOF
|
||||||
# init.d --> /usr/share/doc/uwsgi/README.Debian.gz
|
|
||||||
# For uWSGI debian uses the LSB init process, this might be changed
|
|
||||||
# one day, see https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=833067
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
create ${uWSGI_APPS_AVAILABLE}/${SEARX_UWSGI_APP}
|
.. code:: bash
|
||||||
enable: sudo -H ln -s ${uWSGI_APPS_AVAILABLE}/${SEARX_UWSGI_APP} ${uWSGI_APPS_ENABLED}/
|
|
||||||
start: sudo -H service uwsgi start ${SEARX_UWSGI_APP%.*}
|
# init.d --> /usr/share/doc/uwsgi/README.Debian.gz
|
||||||
restart: sudo -H service uwsgi restart ${SEARX_UWSGI_APP%.*}
|
# For uWSGI debian uses the LSB init process, this might be changed
|
||||||
stop: sudo -H service uwsgi stop ${SEARX_UWSGI_APP%.*}
|
# one day, see https://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=833067
|
||||||
disable: sudo -H rm ${uWSGI_APPS_ENABLED}/${SEARX_UWSGI_APP}
|
|
||||||
|
create ${uWSGI_APPS_AVAILABLE}/${SEARX_UWSGI_APP}
|
||||||
|
enable: sudo -H ln -s ${uWSGI_APPS_AVAILABLE}/${SEARX_UWSGI_APP} ${uWSGI_APPS_ENABLED}/
|
||||||
|
start: sudo -H service uwsgi start ${SEARX_UWSGI_APP%.*}
|
||||||
|
restart: sudo -H service uwsgi restart ${SEARX_UWSGI_APP%.*}
|
||||||
|
stop: sudo -H service uwsgi stop ${SEARX_UWSGI_APP%.*}
|
||||||
|
disable: sudo -H rm ${uWSGI_APPS_ENABLED}/${SEARX_UWSGI_APP}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
EOF
|
EOF
|
||||||
;;
|
;;
|
||||||
arch-*) cat <<EOF
|
arch-*) cat <<EOF
|
||||||
# systemd --> /usr/lib/systemd/system/uwsgi@.service
|
|
||||||
# For uWSGI archlinux uses systemd template units, see
|
|
||||||
# - http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/instances.html
|
|
||||||
# - https://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Systemd.html#one-service-per-app-in-systemd
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
create: ${uWSGI_APPS_ENABLED}/${SEARX_UWSGI_APP}
|
.. code:: bash
|
||||||
enable: sudo -H systemctl enable uwsgi@${SEARX_UWSGI_APP%.*}
|
|
||||||
start: sudo -H systemctl start uwsgi@${SEARX_UWSGI_APP%.*}
|
# systemd --> /usr/lib/systemd/system/uwsgi@.service
|
||||||
restart: sudo -H systemctl restart uwsgi@${SEARX_UWSGI_APP%.*}
|
# For uWSGI archlinux uses systemd template units, see
|
||||||
stop: sudo -H systemctl stop uwsgi@${SEARX_UWSGI_APP%.*}
|
# - http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/instances.html
|
||||||
disable: sudo -H systemctl disable uwsgi@${SEARX_UWSGI_APP%.*}
|
# - https://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Systemd.html#one-service-per-app-in-systemd
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
create: ${uWSGI_APPS_ENABLED}/${SEARX_UWSGI_APP}
|
||||||
|
enable: sudo -H systemctl enable uwsgi@${SEARX_UWSGI_APP%.*}
|
||||||
|
start: sudo -H systemctl start uwsgi@${SEARX_UWSGI_APP%.*}
|
||||||
|
restart: sudo -H systemctl restart uwsgi@${SEARX_UWSGI_APP%.*}
|
||||||
|
stop: sudo -H systemctl stop uwsgi@${SEARX_UWSGI_APP%.*}
|
||||||
|
disable: sudo -H systemctl disable uwsgi@${SEARX_UWSGI_APP%.*}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
EOF
|
EOF
|
||||||
;;
|
;;
|
||||||
fedora-*) cat <<EOF
|
fedora-*) cat <<EOF
|
||||||
# systemd --> /usr/lib/systemd/system/uwsgi.service
|
|
||||||
# The unit file starts uWSGI in emperor mode (/etc/uwsgi.ini), see
|
|
||||||
# - https://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Emperor.html
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
create: ${uWSGI_APPS_ENABLED}/${SEARX_UWSGI_APP}
|
.. code:: bash
|
||||||
restart: sudo -H touch ${uWSGI_APPS_ENABLED}/${SEARX_UWSGI_APP}
|
|
||||||
disable: sudo -H rm ${uWSGI_APPS_ENABLED}/${SEARX_UWSGI_APP}
|
# systemd --> /usr/lib/systemd/system/uwsgi.service
|
||||||
|
# The unit file starts uWSGI in emperor mode (/etc/uwsgi.ini), see
|
||||||
|
# - https://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/Emperor.html
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
create: ${uWSGI_APPS_ENABLED}/${SEARX_UWSGI_APP}
|
||||||
|
restart: sudo -H touch ${uWSGI_APPS_ENABLED}/${SEARX_UWSGI_APP}
|
||||||
|
disable: sudo -H rm ${uWSGI_APPS_ENABLED}/${SEARX_UWSGI_APP}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
EOF
|
EOF
|
||||||
;;
|
;;
|
||||||
esac
|
esac
|
||||||
echo -e ".. END searx uwsgi-description $DIST_NAME"
|
echo -e ".. END searx uwsgi-description $DIST_NAME"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
echo -e "\n.. START searx uwsgi-appini $DIST_NAME"
|
echo -e "\n.. START searx uwsgi-appini $DIST_NAME"
|
||||||
eval "echo \"$(< "${TEMPLATES}/${uWSGI_APPS_AVAILABLE}/${SEARX_UWSGI_APP}")\""
|
echo ".. code:: bash"
|
||||||
|
echo
|
||||||
|
eval "echo \"$(< "${TEMPLATES}/${uWSGI_APPS_AVAILABLE}/${SEARX_UWSGI_APP}")\"" | prefix_stdout " "
|
||||||
echo -e "\n.. END searx uwsgi-appini $DIST_NAME"
|
echo -e "\n.. END searx uwsgi-appini $DIST_NAME"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
)
|
)
|
||||||
|
|
|
||||||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue